Question.4058 - Variable Definition and Measurement There are two familiar sayings in the research community. First, we live in a multivariate world, so we need to conduct multivariate research. Second, garbage in, garbage out. The first statement is a reflection of the normal state of the human condition in which multiple factors usually influence a given phenomenon. Stated in research terms, at least several variables are related to the primary variable of interest. How, then, do you know which variables to study? For example, when conducting depression research study with the elderly, some of the highly related variables that also should be included in a primary depression study might include physical health status, socialization, stress, coping, and access to resources. No one variable on its own can explain depression in this population. The second statement, “garbage in, garbage out,” is common in the quantitative statistical community and is self-explanatory. If the quality of the measures and collected data are poor, every action and result that follows will also be poor, thus affecting reliability, validity, and credibility in a negative way. Optimally designed and executed survey studies prioritize measurement. They are reliable, meaning measurement is consistently applied. They are also valid, meaning truth and meaning in the measurement is applied. Finally, they are credible, meaning the results are subjectively, as well as objectively, believable. Refer back to the example in the Introduction for this week. Using a depression scale that consistently measures the specific construct of depression similarly with multiple measurement points and samples strengthens reliability. Using an instrument that measures the construct of depression and not a similar construct such as grief, stress, or anxiety strengthens validity. Ensuring that your results relate to similar findings supported in the literature as well as within the community that works with depression in older adults also strengthens credibility. For this Discussion, use your topic from Week 3, and consider three key variables in the research study you proposed for that topic. Think about how you would operationally define and measure each, using theory as the basis of your decisions. In addition, reflect on how you would justify your choice of measurement including specific scales or measures you would use, an explanation of the level of measurement for each variable, and the scores that will be generated by the scale or measure for each variable. Finally, consider how a multivariate approach to variable selection and measurement would optimally assess your research problem. Resources Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity. Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. WEEKLY RESOURCES With these thoughts in mind: By Day 3 Post a description of three key variables in your Research Proposal. Then explain how you would operationally define and measure each. Explain and justify your choice of measurement including specific scales or measures you might use, the level of measurement for each variable, and the potential scores generated by the scale or measurement for each variable. Finally, explain how you might use a multivariate approach to variable selection and measurement to optimally assess your research problem. Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources. Read a selection of your colleagues' postings. By Day 5 Peer responses should be posted by Day 5. Please respond in the following ways: Ask a probing question. Share an insight from having read your colleagues' postings. Offer and support an opinion. Validate an idea with your own experience. Make a suggestion. Expand on your colleagues' postings. Return to this Discussion in a few days to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you learned and/or any insights you gained as a result of your colleagues' comments.
Answer Below:
Variable xxxxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxxxxx To xxxxxxxxxxx study xxx phenomenon xx social xxxxx use xx a xxxxxxxxx factor xx adolescents xxxxx lives xxxxx definitions xxx accurate xxxxxxxxxxxx of xxx variables xxx necessary xx study xxxx phenomenon xxxx discussion xxxxxxxx the xxxxxxxxxxxxx between xxxxxx media xxxxx self-esteem xxx psychological xxxxxxxxxx employing x multivariate xxxxxxxx to xxxxxxx their xxxxxxxxxxxx By xxxxxxxx on xxx definition xxx measurement xx these xxxxxxxxx this xxxxxxxx seeks xx provide x nuanced xxxxxxxxxxxxx of xxx social xxxxx impacts xxxxxxxxxxx mental xxxxxx and xxx role xxxxxxxxxxx plays xx moderating xxxxx effects xxxxxx Media xxxxx Social xxxxx use xx independent xxxxxxxx can xx defined xx the xxxx adolescents xxxxx on xxxxxx media xxxxxxxxx and xxx nature xx their xxxxxxxxxx e x passive xxxxxxxxx active xxxxxxx or xxxxxx interactions xxxxxx This xxx be xxxxxxxx through x self-report xxxxxx or xxxxxx time xxxx Adolescents xxx complete x questionnaire xxxxx the xxxxxxx daily xxxx spent xx social xxxxx platforms xxxxxxxxx of xxx and xxxxxxx activities x g xxxxxxx liking xxxxxxxxxx Participants xxxxx provide xxxx from xxxxx smartphone xxxxxxxxxxx trackers xx verify xxxxxxxxxxxxx usage xxxxxxxxxxxx are x practical xxx to xxxxxxxxxx the xxxxxxx of xxxxxx media xxx while xxxxxxxxx screen-time xxxx provides xxxxxxxxxxx by xxxxxxxx recall xxxx Combining xxxxx two xxxxxxx accuracy xxx validity xxxxxxxxxxx In xxxx project xxxxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxx variable xx defined xx adolescent x overall xxxxxxxxxx of xxxxx self-worth xx self-image xx is xxxxxxxx as xx individual x perception xx their xxxxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxxxx based xx the xxxxxxxxx Self-Esteem xxxxx RSES x -item xxxxxx scale xxxxxxxxx self-esteem xxxx items xxxxxx to xxxxxxxxx overall xxxxxxxx or xxxxxxxx self-regard xxx RSES xx a xxxxxxxx and xxxxx measure xxxx decades xx use xx social xxxxxxx research xx captures xxxxxx in xxxxxxxxxxx and xxxxxx for xxxxxxxxxxxx comparisons xx explore xxx self-esteem xxxxxxxxx the xxxxxxxxxxxx between xxxxxx media xxx and xxxxxx health xxxxxxxx Psychological xxxxxxxxxx Psychological xxxxxxxxxx or xxxxxx health xxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxx variable xxxxxxx the xxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxx of xxxxxxxx related xx anxiety xxxxxxxxxx or xxxxxxxxx distress xx adolescents xxxxx can xx measured xxxxxxx standardized xxxxxx such xx the xxxxxxx Health xxxxxxxxxxxxx for xxxxxxxxxxx PHQ-A xxx depression xxx the xxxxxxxxxxx Anxiety xxxxxxxxx GAD- xxx anxiety xxxxxxx tool xx the xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Mental xxxxxxxxxx Scale xxxx scale xx a xxxxx scale xxxxxxxxx mental xxxxxxxxxx with xxxxxxxxx ranging xxxx to xxxxxxxxx interval xxxxxx where xxxxxxxxx are xxxxxxx at xxxxxxx equal xxxxxxxxx In xxxx case xxx total xxxxxx range xxxx to xxxxx higher xxxxxx would xxxxxxxx better xxxxxxxxxxxxx well-being xxxxx scales xxx widely xxxx in xxxxxxxx have xxxxxx psychometric xxxxxxxxxx reliability xxx validity xxx allow xxx study xxxxxxxxxxx They xxxxxxx quantitative xxxx on xxxxxx health xxxxxxxx making xxxxxxxx straightforward xxxxxxxxxxxx Approach x multivariate xxxxxxxx would xxxxxxx the xxxxxxxxxxx effects xxxxxxx social xxxxx usage xxx the xxxxxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxxxxxxx well-being xx Kock xx al xxxxxxxxxx such xx multiple xxxxxxxxxx analysis xx structural xxxxxxxxxx modeling xxxx allow xxx examination xx direct xxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxxxx effects xx social xxxxx usage xx psychological xxxxxxxx Conclusion xxx methods xxxxxxxx subjective xxxxxxxxxxxx with xxxxxxxxx measures x g xxxxxx time xxx validated xxxxxxxxxxxxx scales xxxx approach xxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxxxxx understanding xx the xxxxxxxxx balancing xxxxxxxx reliability xxx feasibility xx a xxxxxxxx context xx triangulating xxxx sources xxx study xxxxxxxxx bias xxx strengthens xxx validity xx its xxxxxxxx By xxxxxxxxx defining xxx measuring xxxxxxxxx this xxxxx establishes x reliable xxxxxxxxx for xxxxxxxxx the xxxxxx of xxxxxx media xx adolescents xxxxxxxxxxxxx well-being xxx use xx self-report xxxxxxx screen xxxx data xxx validated xxxxxxxxxxxxx scales xxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxxxxx approach xx variable xxxxxxxxxxx ensuring xxx accuracy xxx validity xx findings xxxxxxxxx a xxxxxxxxxxxx approach xxxxxx the xxxxxxxx to xxxxxxx direct xxxxxxxx and xxxxxxxxxx effects xxxxxxxxxxxx the xxxxxxxx role xx self-esteem xx shaping xxxxxx health xxxxxxxx These xxxxxxx aim xx generate xxxxxxxxxx insights xxxx the xxxxxxxxx between xxxxxx media xxx and xxxxxxxxxx well-being xxxxxxxx evidence-based xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx for xxxxxxxxxx risks xxx promoting xxxxxxxxxx ReferencesBrooks x Does xxxxxxxx social xxxxx usage xxxxxx efficiency xxx well-being xxxxxxxxx in xxxxx behavior x De xxxx J x Latham x A xxxxxx S x Grindle x Munoz x A xxxxx L x Malley x M x rapid xxxxxx of xxx impact xx COVID- xx the xxxxxx health xx healthcare xxxxxxx implications xxx supporting xxxxxxxxxxxxx well-being xxx public xxxxxx -More Articles From Research
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